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第一：全球气候变暖与云南干旱的关系
云南气候分干季和雨季，干季在每年11月-4月，雨季在每年5月-10月，干季的降水量仅占全年的10%-15%，雨季占全年的80%以上。 以往，云南在干季（主要是秋末至夏初）都会持续干旱，但进入雨季后干旱就会得到缓解。最近几年，不论是干季还是雨季，降雨都比以往少。 来看看云南最近三年1月份的降雨情况， 2011年1月份降雨为32毫米，2012年1月份为21毫米，2013年1月份仅为7毫米。截至2013年2月底，云南全省有7个县（市）一直没有降水。今年的旱情仅次于2009年-2010年的“百年大旱”。 最近几年的雨季，降雨量同样大大少于往年。2012年雨季结束的时间，竟比常年提前1个月。雨季降雨的减少，使干季的干旱难以缓解，库塘蓄水得不到有效补充，干旱累计增长，导致整年干旱严重。
第二：全球最大造纸企业即印尼的金光纸业集团大规模进入云南
金光纸业大规模连片焚毁当地次生原始林，改而全部种植单一造纸用林木“速生巨桉”。
速生桉是“抽水机”，对土壤的水分需求极大，大面积种植会导致地下水位下降，地表涵养水土能力差、土地易板结和出现沙化现象。
这件事当时被“绿色和平”组织曝光后，进而被新闻媒体报道过，好像当时央视“焦点访谈”还专门到云南做过一期节目，拍摄了大片被焚毁的原始次生林。
但是，很不幸的是，这件事情之后，云南毁林改种单一树种巨桉的严重破坏生态环境和生物多样性的恶行非但没有丝毫减少，反而以更快的速度和更大规模迅速冲出云南，向整个西南地区推进，目前整个四川成都平原都开始大规模种植巨桉了。而这背后的唯一推动力，就是为了造纸，为了满足印尼那家早已经因为破坏生态而在全球臭名昭著的造纸公司——APP，即金光纸业。
金光纸业的恶行还不仅在云南大西南，其更早些年在海南岛的巨桉林大规模种植，就把海南岛中部山丘变成了在生态界被称为的“中国第二个黄土高原”，也曾导致了海南岛的重度干旱。
Why Yunnan drought
The first: the relationship between global warming and drought in Yunnan
The climate of Yunnan is divided into dry and rainy seasons, the dry season each year in November -4 month, the rainy season every year in May -10 month, the precipitation in the dry season only accounted for more than 10%-15%, the rainy season accounted for 80%. In the past, Yunnan in the dry season (mainly the late autumn to early summer) will be the continuing drought, but into the rainy season drought will ease. In recent years, whether it is dry or rainy season, rainfall is less than in the past. Look at the rain situation in Yunnan in recent three years in January, 2011 and January rainfall of 32 mm, 21 mm in 2012 January to 2013 January, only 7 mm. As of 2013 2 at the end of the month, Yunnan province has 7 counties (city) there has been no precipitation. This year's drought after the 2009 -2010 years of "hundred years of drought". In recent years the rainy season, rainfall is also considerably less than in previous years. 2012 the end of the rainy season time, unexpectedly 1 months earlier than the perennial. Reduced rainfall during the rainy season, the dry season drought to alleviate, pond water is not effectively supplement, the cumulative growth year drought, resulting in serious drought.
Second: the world's largest paper-making enterprises that Indonesia's Sinar Mas Paper Group large-scale entry of Yunnan
Jinguang paper large-scale continuous burned local secondary forest and instead all planting single papermaking forest "of Fast-growing Eucalyptus grandis".
Eucalyptus is the "pump", a great demand on water soil, planting a large area will lead to the decline of underground water level, surface soil and water conservation ability, easy to harden and the emergence of the phenomenon of desertification land.
It was the "green peace" organization after exposure, and then was the news media reported, as if at the time of CCTV "focus interview" specially went to Yunnan to do a show, filmed the primeva l forest tracts of burned out.
But, unfortunately, this thing, serious damage to the ecological environment of Yunnan to a single species of Eucalyptus grandis deforestation and biodiversity of evil has not the slightest reduction, but at a faster speed and larger quickly out of Yunnan, to promote to the whole southwest of Sichuan, at present the whole of Chengdu plain are beginning to large-scale cultivation of Eucalyptus grandis the. And the only driving force behind this, is in order to paper, in order to meet the home already in Indonesia since the ecological damage in the world and the notorious papermaking company -- APP, namely Jinguang paper.
Jinguang paper wickedness was not only in Yunnan southwest, the earlier years in Hainan Island large scale planting of Eucalyptus grandis plantation, put Hainan Island middle hills into in the ecological community known as the "second Chinese Loess Plateau", has led to a severe drought in Hainan Island. |